There is no central authority for the criteria a judge must use to score couples. It is a subjective process. Additionally, some criteria are considered more important for newcomers to master, while different criteria will become more important as a dancer reaches higher proficiency levels.
That said, the following general areas are those most commonly used as criteria by judges.
Timing
Timing is the basis of all dance, and is sure to be considered by every judge at every level. If a couple's timing is off, they have no hope of progressing!
Feet and Legs
A dancer's feet and legs are the foundation of their connection to both the dance floor and the dance itself. Foot and leg action and technique are imperative to getting good marks from a judge.
Frame and Posture
A couple's frame and posture are the basis for their partnership. Without them, the couple looks small and timid, and does not stand out from the competition. They also affect Connection.
Connection
Connection is about teamwork. It describes how a couple moves as a unit. It encompasses lead and follow, as well as body language. Without a good connection, the dance appears disjointed and unfocused, even if both partners are dancing their choreography correctly and in unison.
Musicality
Musicality is reading the musical piece to which a couple is dancing. In addition to the timing of a piece, the couple should be trying to capture the phrasing and 'feel' of it as well.
Floorcraft
A couple's awareness of their surroundings on the dance floor is important. It allows them to avoid obstacles, and helps them to prevent collisions and interference from or with other couples on the floor.
Lines and Alignment
Judges will be looking for the picture a couple makes on the dance floor. That picture is painted by the line, from head to toe, that each dancer's body makes, and the alignment of their bodies with each other.
Character and Attitude
Every dance has its own dramatic persona. A couple performing a dance must present the elements of that drama in their performance. This criterion is based on acting, using only facial expressions and body language.
Presentation (Poise, Energy, Grooming)
A couple's presentation is their overall "look" on the dance floor. It comes from their grooming, their poise, and their energy.
